- Developing Fluent Readers
What should fluency instruction look like? And, what can teachers do to help students whose fluency is far behind their peers’? This article can help educators select effective instructional practices.
- Understanding and Assessing Fluency
In this overview, you’ll learn more about what reading fluency is, why it is essential to ensure that our students have sufficient fluency, and how fluency should be assessed.
- Finding the Right Book Level: PALS Equivalencies
Matching a child to the right book level is critical for building fluency skills and confidence. This chart provides equivalency information across six leveling systems: Basal level/PALS, Guided Reading, DRA, Rigby PM, Reading Recovery, and Lexile.
- Reader’s Theater: Giving Students a Reason to Read Aloud
The reader’s theater strategy blends students’ desire to perform with their need for oral reading practice. Reader’s Theater offers an entertaining and engaging means of improving fluency and enhancing comprehension.
- For Students Who Are Not Yet Fluent, Silent Reading Is Not the Best Use of Classroom Time
Silent reading or ‘Round Robin’ reading seem like good ways to improve fluency. But, in fact, increasing fluency requires more practice, more support, and more guided oral reading than either of these strategies can deliver.
- What Is Guided Oral Reading?
Guided oral reading is an instructional strategy that can help students improve a variety of reading skills, including fluency. A teacher, parent, or peer reads a passage aloud, modeling fluent reading. Then students reread the text quietly on their own.
- Choral Reading
Choral reading — reading aloud in unison with a whole class or group of students — helps build students’ fluency, self-confidence, and motivation.
- Timed Repeated Readings
Repeated readings (under timed conditions) of familiar instructional level text can increase students’ reading speed and give teachers a way to monitor progress.
- Target the Problem: Fluency
Basic information about the importance of fluency in reading comprehension and motivation, identifying if a child is struggling, and how teachers and parents can help.
- Fluency Norms Chart
See the results of the 2006 study on oral reading fluency, “Oral Reading Fluency: 90 Years of Measurement,” by Jan Hasbrouck and Gerald Tindal.